The Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) process is a crucial methodology in functional safety, particularly for automotive systems following standards such as ISO 26262. It involves systematically identifying potential hazards that could arise from the malfunctioning of electric, electronic systems and software in a vehicle. The key steps include:

1. Hazard Identification: Analysts identify possible hazardous events by reviewing the vehicle’s intended functions and scenarios in which malfunctions could occur.

2. Risk Classification: Each identified hazard is evaluated based on three key factors:

   • Severity (S): The potential impact on human safety if the hazard occurs.
   • Exposure (E): The probability of the vehicle being in operational situations where the hazard could happen.
   • Controllability (C): The ability of the driver or system to control or mitigate the hazard if it arises.

3. ASIL Determination: Based on the severity, exposure, and controllability, an Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) is assigned. The ASIL ranges from A (lowest risk) to D (highest risk), guiding the necessary safety measures.

4. Risk Mitigation: For hazards with higher ASIL ratings, stricter safety mechanisms and design measures are implemented to reduce risk to acceptable levels.

You can use the  INNODARE Platform to develop your own collaborative HARA system using the template presented here.